Yes. Being convicted of a crime or facing criminal charges does not prevent you from filing bankruptcy. Questions surrounding your arrest record or criminal record are not asked as a part of a routine bankruptcy filing. Now, if you were filing bankruptcy to try to wipe out a fine or court ordered restitution, the records pertaining to these debts would come into play. Bankruptcy does not allow court fines and/or criminal restitution to be cancelled (wiped out).
However, you could file a chapter 13 bankruptcy which would allow you to pay any fines and/or restitution payments you have stretched out over a 60 month period. This could help you afford to make the required payments if you were struggling financially to make them as originally set by the court that convicted you.
Another way that bankruptcy could still be of benefit would be to wipe out your other unsecured debt (credit cards, medical bills, etc) to free up money to go toward paying court fines or court ordered restitution.
Disclaimer: This blog is intended as general information purposes only, and is not a substitute for legal advice. Anyone with a legal problem should consult a lawyer immediately.